Microsoft Exchange Server interview questions
- Distribution List?
- GAL, Routing Group, Stm files, Eseutil & ininteg - what are they used for?
- What is MIME & MAPI?
- List the services of Exchange Server 2000?
- How would you recover Exchange server when the log file is corrupted?
- What are the required components of Windows Server 2003 for installing Exchange 2003? - ASP.NET, SMTP, NNTP, W3SVC
- What must be done to an AD forest before Exchange can be deployed? - Setup /forestprep
- What Exchange process is responsible for communication with AD? - DSACCESS
- What 3 types of domain controller does Exchange access? - Normal Domain Controller, Global Catalog, Configuration Domain Controller
- What connector type would you use to connect to the Internet, and what are the two methods of sending mail over that connector? - SMTP Connector: Forward to smart host or use DNS to route to each address
- How would you optimise Exchange 2003 memory usage on a Windows Server 2003 server with more than 1Gb of memory? - Add /3Gb switch to boot.ini
- What would a rise in remote queue length generally indicate? - This means mail is not being sent to other servers. This can be explained by outages or performance issues with the network or remote servers.
- What would a rise in the Local Delivery queue generally mean? - This indicates a performance issue or outage on the local server. Reasons could be slowness in consulting AD, slowness in handing messages off to local delivery or SMTP delivery. It could also be databases being dismounted or a lack of disk space.
- What are the standard port numbers for SMTP, POP3, IMAP4, RPC, LDAP and Global Catalog? - SMTP – 25, POP3 – 110, IMAP4 – 143, RPC – 135, LDAP – 389, Global Catalog - 3268
- Name the process names for the following: System Attendant? – MAD.EXE, Information Store – STORE.EXE, SMTP/POP/IMAP/OWA – INETINFO.EXE
- What is the maximum amount of databases that can be hosted on Exchange 2003
- What are the disadvantages of circular logging? - In the event of a corrupt database, data can only be restored to the last backup.
- Where to configure the Smart Host information to configure
it in the Virtual Server and others state to configure in the SMTP
Connector. - What is the function of the Site Replication Service?
The Site Replication Service (SRS) was designed to provide directory interoperability between Exchange 5.5 and Exchange 2000. SRS runs on Exchange 2000 and serves as a modified Exchange 5.5 directory. SRS uses Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) to communicate to both the Active Directory and the Exchange 5.5 directory. To Exchange 5.5, the SRS looks like another Exchange 5.5 configuration/recipients replication partner.
20 What are Storage Groups, and what is the relationship between them and multiple databases?
Ans:- A Storage Group is a virtual container for multiple databases, of which you can have up to five
21: Does Exchange 2000 support Single-Mailbox Restore?
Ans: Exchange 2000 does not support Single-Mailbox Restore with tools and products from Microsoft. You can find several third-party backup programs that support Single-Mailbox Restore, but the Ntbackup.exe tool cannot perform this function. Exchange 2000 does provide Mailbox Retention, a feature that enables you to retain a deleted mailbox for a specified period of time before permanently deleting it.
22: What is Instant Messaging?
Ans: Instant Messaging (IM) is a fundamentally unique medium of communication. This technology gives Exchange 2000 users the ability to communicate with other Instant Messaging users in an immediate, interactive environment that conveys "presence" and "status" information.
23: How many recipients can be on an SMTP message?
Ans: The maximum number of recipients is 5,000 by default. When you send a message from one server to another with 5,000 recipients, you want that message body to be carried across the wire only once. The Windows 2000 SMTP server enables the administrator to specify the maximum number of recipients per message. The intention of having a low number is to make it harder for people to send junk mail to many recipients at once. The SMTP standard specifies that messages with more than 100 recipients should be broken into multiple messages.
Note SMTP standards specify that servers must be able to handle at least 100 recipients.
Ans: In Exchange 5.5, server-to-server communication is authenticated and encrypted using system-level Remote Procedure Call (RPC). With Exchange 2000, each server uses SMTP authentication with Kerberos. Encryption is not done by default. There are two options for encryption—Internet Protocol Security (IPsec), which is built into Windows 2000, and Transport Layer Security (TLS), built into the SMTP service and used by Exchange 2000. TLS is also known as secure sockets layer (SSL).
25: Isn't SMTP less secure than the X.400-based RPC that Exchange 5.5 had?
Ans: Many people think that SMTP is not secure because it has a clear-text submission protocol. Exchange 2000 does several things to increase the security of data over SMTP:
| • | Server-to-server communication is always authenticated. The default state of each server will not accept unauthenticated SMTP traffic. Each message is checked to see that the From: field in the submitted message is really the person who authenticated. |
| • | With IPsec or TLS, encryption of data between servers is as good or better than the encrypted RPC of Exchange 5.5. |
| • | Much of the intra-organization server-to-server mail traffic is actually somewhat obscured. Messages that originated from MAPI clients or the Web client are a set of MAPI properties that need to be carried from server-to-server. MAPI properties are carried in a Transport-Neutral Encapsulation Format (TNEF) binary large object (BLOB). This is encoded using a publicly available, unencrypted format, but it is not readable. There will be no useful information available from a message in transit. Even if a tool is used to parse a BLOB, data could be decoded. However, it would be extremely difficult to easily look at mail traffic. |
26: What is the definition of site, administrative group, and routing group in a mixed organization?
Ans: An Exchange site is a server grouping for both administrative and topological purposes. In a mixed organization, the servers running Exchange 5.5 recognize sites, while the servers running Exchange 2000 recognize both administrative and routing groups. The Active Directory Connector automatically replicates each Exchange 5.5 site to Exchange 2000 as both an administrative group with a routing group of the same name.
27: How does an Exchange 5.5 site relate to an Exchange 2000 administrative group?
Ans: In a mixed or native Exchange 2000/Exchange 5.5 topology, these are mapped 1:1. The administrative group is mainly for permissions mapping, although the administrative group is used to create the legacy-distinguished name (DN).
Ans: An Exchange 2000 server evaluates whether the server is in the same routing group or not. If it is, then the server sends the message through the Message Transfer Agent (MTA), which creates a direct local area network (LAN), MTA, RPC connection. If it is not, the server routes the message to the routing group of the destination server through connectors.
Ans: Exchange 2000 servers, whether in a mixed or pure routing group, always use SMTP to send messages from one server to another. The SMTP Service will open a direct connection to the destination server. However, Exchange 2000 servers will route based on routing groups, not administrative groups.
30: How does a Windows 2000 domain relate to an Exchange 2000 organization?
Ans: There is no relationship. All configuration information for Exchange 2000 is stored in the Active Directory configuration naming context. This is replicated to every domain controller to each domain in the forest. Therefore, Exchange Organization information is available for read/write in every domain.
31: How does a Windows 2000 site relate to an Exchange 2000 routing group?
Ans: An Exchange routing group is a collection of Exchange 2000 servers with high-availability to one another, but not necessarily high bandwidth. Although the concept of the Windows 2000 site and the Exchange routing group are quite similar, there are no alignment prerequisites for deployment. Routing groups are defined in the configuration naming context of the Active Directory.
32: How does a Windows 2000 domain relate to an Exchange 2000 routing group?
Ans; There is no relationship. An Active Directory domain contains users and computer information for those that reside in that domain. An Exchange routing group contains information about Exchange 2000 servers that have high-availability to one another.
33; How does a Windows 2000 forest relate to an Exchange organization?
Ans: In Exchange 2000, there is a limitation of exactly one Exchange organization per Windows 2000 Active Directory forest. Conversely, every server within a given Exchange organization must be in the same Active Directory forest.
34: What is the purpose of a routing group?
Ans; The routing group is the smallest unit of servers likely to be connected to one another at all times. The routing group is one node on the graph of connector paths with multiple possible connectors between routing groups.
Within a routing group, or before routing has been configured by the creation of a routing group, mail from one server to another goes point-to-point using SMTP.
If you wish to have direct point-to-point routing between a collection of Exchange 2000 servers, you can place them into the same routing group. In general, you design your routing group boundaries based upon connectivity and availability of the network. Between routing groups, you can define connectors that route messages between these routing group collections. It is common practice to use a routing group connector (RGC) to accomplish this.
35: What does it mean for a connector to go down?
Ans: If the source bridgehead cannot contact the destination bridgehead, then the system, by default, retries for 10 minutes. After 10 minutes, the bridgehead is marked unavailable. If there are other target bridgeheads on the connector, those are tried instead. Once all target bridgeheads on the connector are tagged as unavailable, then the whole connector is marked down and other routes are evaluated. If there are other available routes, message(s) are rerouted. If there are no other routes available, the message will sit in the local queue until the connector comes back up.
36: What does the routing service do when a local connector is down?
Ans: When the SMTP Service or X.400 Service notices that a connector is down, it notifies the routing service of this. The routing service marks the connection as down in its routing state graph.
37: What exactly does a routing master do?
Ans: The routing master coordinates changes to link state that are learned by servers within its routing group. When one single server coordinates changes, it is possible to treat a routing group as a single entity and to compute a least-cost path between routing groups. All servers in the routing group advertise and act upon the same information.
38: What happens when it goes down?
Ans: All servers in the routing group continue to operate on the same information that they had at the time they lost contact with the master. This cannot cause mail to loop, because all servers continue to operate on loop-free information.
When the master comes back up, it starts with all servers and connectors marked up. As it learns about down servers, it reconstructs the link state information and passes it around.
39: How do SMTP and X.400 servers communicate link state information within a routing group?
Ans: Each server communicates with the master through a TCP-based Link State Algorithm (LSA) protocol developed in the transport core development team. Each server, including the master, is on TCP listening port 691 and registered with Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) for this purpose. The master broadcasts changes only to all servers in its routing group.
40; What are the file names for the essential exchange database?
Ans: Priv1.EDB, Priv1.STM
41: What are the core exchange serives? Are they the same on exchange 5.5 and 2000?
Ans: Information Store Service, System Attendant Service, Routing Engine
42: What ports do LDAP and GC use?
Ans: LDAP=389 GC=3268
43: What is DNS port & protocol
Ans: 53
44: Zenith infotech have 1 exchange server & ABC is one other company
How zenith infotech get mail from Abc (RUS)
45) Which contain in SYSVOL?
Ans: Logon script & Group policy
46: DHCP are Unicast, Multicast or Broadcast
Ans: DHCP are Broadcast
47: How to restore one particular mail box in exchange 2003
48:Which contain have in system state backup
Ans: Active directory,Boot file,COM+Registary
49: How much zone in DNS
Ans: Reverers Lookup & Forword lookup Zone
How much zone in Forword & Reveres lookup zone
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