Interview Question for active diectory and exchange
Frequently Asked questions: Collected from Candidates Joined before:
<>A. Networking: Q. What is OSPF? What is it used for?A. Open Shortest Path First. It is a routing protocol that is in used for inter router communication to build the tables for routing packets across multiple links for data transmission from one point to another across the shortest path when multiple paths to a destination are available. Q. How do you divide a Class C network into smaller networks? How does it help?A. Use subnets. Helps by reducing the broadcast network traffic across the networks. Q. What is the port numbers for SMTP, POP3, FTP. A. 25, 110, 21 Q. What are the classes of Networks?A. Class A (1 to 126), Class B (128 to 191), Class C (192 to 223), Class D (224 to 240) and Class E ( 241 to 254) 255 is used for Broadcast. Q What is a loop back ipaddress?A. 127.0.0.1 Q. What do u mean by private IP addressing and public IP addressing?
A. Private IP addresses are used for intranet purposes and cannot be addressed from the Internet. Public IP addresses for a part of the pool of IP addresses that can be accessed via the internet, generally allocated by an ISP. Q. What are private IP addresses?A. The 3 ranges are : 10.0.0.0 with subnet 255.0.0.0 172.16.0.0 with subnet 255.240.0.0 192.168.0.0 with subnet 255.255.0.0 Q. You are the admin at a branch office. The company modifies its IP addressing structure: subnets: 1 Network number: 192.168.1.128 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.128 What is the valid ip range? A. 192.168.1.0....192.168.1.255 B. 192.168.1.129....192.168.1.254 C. 192.168.1.129....192.168.1.190 D. 192.168.1.128....192.168.1.191 Answer: B Q. What is a difference between a hub and a switch?
A. Hub is a device that works on the principle of bandwidth sharing while switches have dedicated bandwidth for each port. Data packet collisions are avoided in switches on account of dedicated bandwidth; while in hubs data collision can cause retransmission of packets. Q. What is the command by which you can refresh the IP address of a computer, that is assigned an IP by a DHCP server? A. ipconfig /renewall <>B. Windows XP: Q. What is the difference between Remote Desktop and Remote Assistance?A. Remote Desktop is used to access a machine by a user from another machine. Remote Assistance is used by a user when he needs help from another person. Q. Can you use remote desktop from Windows XP Home to Windows XP professional and vice versa?A. Remote desktop is a feature on Windows XP Professional. Windows XP home can be used a client. So it is possible to use remote desktop from home to professional but not vice-versa. Q. What is the maximum number of clients that can connect to a Windows XP machine?A Ten (10) Q. A user on Windows XP using a DHCP client reports that he has an IP address of 169.254.10.10. What do you think is the issue with the desktop?A. The client is not able to contact the DHCP server so he is being allocated an Automatic IP address by Windows XP. Q. What is RIS? What client OS can be client using this service?A. Remote Installation Services. Windows 2000 Professional and Windows XP. Q. What is a System Checkpoint?A. Whenever an application is installed Windows XP creates a System checkpoint to which the system can be rolled by using the System restore application. Q. What is driver roll back?A. Windows XP maintains a backup of the last installed driver. When driver roll back is done, it removes the current driver and reinstates the driver from the backup. Q. Can u save a file to compressed folder?A. No , Files can only be moved in to compressed folder , you cannot directly save the files. <>C. Windows 2000/2003 Server: Q. Can you have a user by the same name in 2 different OU of a Windows 2000/2003 Active Directory?A. No, object names in Windows 2000/2003 directory have to be unique. Q. What are DNS Zones?A. Primary, secondary and Active directory integrated OR Forward and Reverse lookup Zones. Q. What is forward and reverse lookup zones used for?A. Forward lookup zone helps in resolving the names to IP addresses while reverse lookup zones help in IP address to host name lookup. Q. What is Zone replication?A. Data transfer between the primary and the secondary DNS servers is called zone replication. Q. Can a Windows 2000 AD server and Windows NT 4.0 PDC co-exist in the same domain?A. No Q. What is OS hardening?A. It is the process of locking down services not in use by the server to decrease the surface of attack available to hackers/viruses. Q. How do you install IIS in Windows 2000/2003?A. From Control Panel à Add/Remove Programsà Windows Components à Applications à IIS (for Windows 2003) From Control Panel à Add/Remove Programsà Windows Components à IIS (for Windows 2000) Q. What command do you use for creating an Active Directory in Windows 2000/2003?A. DCPROMO Q. You are administrator of a Windows 2000 network. You are configuring RIS to deploy Windows 2000 Professional on new client computers. New users report that when they attempt to install their computers, they are unable to get an IP address. What should you do? A. Authorize the DHCP server in the DHCP console. B. Configure each computer to boot from a remote installation bootdisk. C. Create a reservation in DHCP for each client. D. Start the Boot Information Negotiation Layer (BINL) service on the RIS server. Answer: A Q. What are the differences between NT 4.0 and 2000 domains?
A. Domain implementation in Windows 2000 was basically written from the ground up with its directory service roots and the table below shows the major differences:
| Feature | Windows NT 4 | Windows 2000 mixed-mode | Windows 2000 native-mode |
| Number of objects | 40,000 (20,000 recommended) | 40,000 (20,000 recommended) | 1,000,000 although 4,000,000 has been listed |
| Multimaster replication | No | Yes | Yes |
| Group types | Global, Local | Global, Domain Local | Universal, Global, Domain Local |
| Nested groups | No | No | Yes |
| Cross-domain administration | Limited | Limited | Full |
| Password filters | Manually installed with SP2 and above | Manually installed | Automatically installed |
| Queries using desktop change/configuration management | No | 2000 DC's only | Yes |
| Authentication protocols | NTLM | NTLM, Kerberos | |
Q. How do you demote a PDC to a BDC?
A. Normally when you promote a BDC to the PDC, the existing PDC is automatically demoted to a BDC, but in the event that the PDC was taken off line and then a BDC promoted when the old PDC is restarted it will still think its the PDC and when it detects another PDC it will simply stop its own netlogon service.
Q. What is a DHCP server?
A. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. Its is used to allocate IP addresses dynamically and automatically to client machines. The advantage is that the pool of IP addresses is used efficiently and the administrator does not have to assign an IP address to each client individually. <>D. Exchange Server. Q. What is the pre-requisite for setting up Exchange 2000 on Windows 2000?A. Windows 2000 Active Directory, IIS, SMTP and NNTP protocol and Windows 2000 SP1. Q. What is the maximum size of a Personal Store file (*.pst) in Outlook?A. 2 GB Q. What is the difference between SMTP and POP3? A. SMTP is a mail transmission protocol while POP3 is a mail retrieval protocol. Q. What are the critical services in Exchange 5.5?A. System Attendant, Directory Service, Information Store are critical services, MTA is a non critical service Q. In Exchange 5.5, explain the role of the site service account?
A. It is the account that is used for authenticating each service of Exchange server during startup and for administrative purposes.
Q. Do you need to have a Active Directory to install Exchange2000?
A. Yes, Active Directory is the pre-requites of Exchange2000
Q Is it possible for Exchange5.5 to co-exit with Exchange2000?A. Yes, You will need to have a active directory connector. Q In which version of Exchange is X-400 connector available?A. X-400 connector is available only in Exchange Enterprise version. Q What is a digital Certificate?A. A digital certificate is a certificate issued by a certification authority to facilitate the identification of the sender and the recipients and also helps encrypt the data to ensure that only the intended receiver gets the data. <>E. Backup and Restore: Q. What is the difference between Differential and Incremental backup?A. Differential backup takes the backup from the last full backup. It does not reset the archive bit. Incremental backup takes the backup from the last known backup state. It resets the archive bit. Q. Can you restore files and folder backed from a NTFS partion to FAT?A. Yes , the files can be restored , but only thing is the NTFS permission can not be retained . Q. What is a difference between moving a file on same partion and moving it across two different partions?A. Moving a file in same partion will retain its original permission. But if it is moved across the partion then the permissions you will be loosed and it will take the parent permission of that volume. <>F. MSOffice:Q. If a user reports that his MS Word applications reports as corrupted hat action do you take first?A. Go to Add-Remove programs in the Control Panel and attempt to repair the MSOffice setup. <>G. ISA Server: Q. What are the modes that you can install ISA server in?A. Caching Only, Firewall and Mixed Mode. Q. What is stateful filtering of packets?A. Application Layer inspection or Filtering. The incoming packets are inspected at the application layer for integrity and to ensure that the packets do not lead to security vulnerability at the application layer. <>H. SQL serverQ. What is a SQL database?A. RDBMS Q. How do you backup a table?A. BCP Out to export the table to a flat file and BCP In to import the table into the database from a flat file. Q. What is the latest service pack for SQL Server 2000?A. Service Pack 3A Q. What is a trigger?A. It is a set of instructions defined to be executed when a certain set of conditions are meet. 
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